Bolt-cutter



(No Model.) 4 SheGtS Sheet 1. L. S. GROSSMAN. I

BOLT CUTTER.

No. 500,887. Patented July 4, 1893..

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

L. s. GROSSMAN. I

v BOLT GUTTER.

No. 500,887. Patented July 4, 1893.

(No Model.) V i 4 Sheets-Sheet-S. L. S. GROSSMAN.

BOLT CUTTER.

No. 500,887. Patented July 4, 1893.

Witnesses (Ho-Model.) 4- Sheets-Sheet 4.

L. S. GROSSMA-N. BOLT CUTTER.

No. 500,887. Patented Ju1y4, 1893.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LAWRENCE S. GROSSMAN, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGN OR TO THE CLEVELANDFAUOET COMPANY, OF OHIO.

BOLT-CUTTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 500,887, dated July 4,1893. Application filed March 7, 1898. Serial No. 466,054. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, LAwEENoE S. GRoss- MAN, a resident of the city ofCleveland, in the county of Ouyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented anew and useful Improvement in Bolt-Outters, of which the following is aspecification.

My invention relates to that class of mechanical appliances for use incutting the threads upon bolt-blanks, piping and similar work, by meansof a head containing a series of threading dies; and the general purposeand object thereof are to provide a device of the above class,wherein-at the will of the operatorthe dies may be readily opened orclosed upon the work at any time, or at any point within the line oftheir travel. The form of opening dies of the above class here toforeemployed is the familiar cutter-edges (usually in combination withcases) adapted to slide in slots, within the barrel, in a directionradial to its center. The exterior ends of such dies are provided withcaps, or lateral projections, which are adjusted to engage with inclinedslots, or ways, in the (lie-ring and to thereby force the dies forwardtoward the center of the barrel as the said die-ring is propelledoutwardly, and, to withdraw the dies from said center as the said ringis moved inwardly along the head. In bolt-cutters of the said prevailingtype, however, the comparative extent of interior groove bearing is,necessarily, so considerable and precise, that not only is the originalcost of constructing these devices unduly enhanced, but by reason of theliability of said interior bearings to become choked with chips, orgrit, the uniformity of their wear and operation is largely affected.

Myinvention is especially intended to avoid, or much reduce, theundesirable features in bolt cutting devices above referred to, and, atthe same time, to provide a combination or series of dies, of the ordernamed, which have positive advantages of structure, and a mode ofoperation not possessed by other forms in use. I attain this object bythe device hereinafter more particularly described and illustrated bythe several drawings accompanying and forming a part of thisspecification.

' In the said drawings similar letters are used in each to designatesimilar parts.

Figure 1 is an oblique longitudinal perspective view of a bolt-cutterhead embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a similar sectional view with thedies rem0ved. Fig. 3 is a frontor face view of the device shown in Fig.1, with the dies set for operation. Fig. 4 is an end view of thebarrelor central portion, of said device showing the outer extremitiesof the wire springs m, I have preferably employed, as well as theirlongitudinal retaining slots S. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal perspectiveview of the said barrel. Fig. 6 is an outline representation of thedie-ring I-I. Fig. 7 similarly shows the band A. Fig. 8 is a perspectiveview of one of the reciprocating pins 0. Fig. 9 represents top andbottom views respectively of a die D, and, Fig. 10 shows a solid fourcutter die from which the dies, in their proper leading order may bederived for use in my said device.

In the several figures, B is the barrel of the cutter head. It is ahollow cylinder, termimating in the usual stock, or butt B and isprovided with the equidistant pivots P, arranged upon the outer end ofthesaid barrel parallel with its longer axis. Said pivots correspond innumber with the number of dies to be employed. As a preferable mode ofretaining springs in bearing beneath the diesfor the purpose which willhereinafter more fully appear-I provide elongated slots S. S.- in thesides of the barrel B, each adapted to receive, and retain upright in asocket therein, the bent wire springs m. These wires are of a sufficientlength to slightly protrude from the outer ends of their slots S. andenter the holes 1;. in the under side of the dies D. when the latter arein place. The arrangement of the slots and wires j ust described is, ofcourse, but one of several possible methods of achieving the springaction against said dies essential in the connection. A stop N islocated upon said barrel adapted to register with a correspondinglimiting groove or slot in the part, or case 0. p

A groove G is provided upon the barrel B as one mode of enabling thecase 0 to be screwed, or otherwise secured to the same, so

as to permit a rotary, without longitudinal motion of the said partswith respect to each other.

0 is a hollow cylindrical sheath, or case, adapted to fit and turnaxially upon the exterior surface of the barrel B. It is provided, atits inner end, with a groove, or slot, to receive, and lap over, thestop N, in order to thereby check, or limit, the said axial movement.The handle B may conveniently be employed to actuate said case 0.Countersunk screws 15 (Fig. 2) may be employed to penetrate through thecase 0, within the groove G, and thereby hold the parts B and O in thesame relative position. At predeterminedintervals upon the outer end ofsaid case 0 are located the pin-stops p. as preferable modes of limitingthe outward action of the dies D. when free to be actuated by thesprings m. About the front end of the case 0 is a band. or hollowcylinder A, adapted to be removed at will therefrom, but to bemaintained in a fixed relative position with respect to the case O,whenin position about the same, and, to turn axially therewith. The outeredge of said band A may slightly project beyond the outer edge of saidcase 0. At equidistant points about said outer edge of the band A. arelongitudinalprojectionsEwhichoverhangtheouter edges of the parts 0 andB-in directions radial to the barrels center-and, each having aninterior configuration, at the said overhanging portions, resembling asquare scarf joint, and proportions to admit the dies, D, thereunder, ata close operative fit, in a manner to be hereinafter further specified.Through the base of said projections E are holes, or bearings," h,adapted to receive the sliding pins 0. The latter are of suflicientlength to extend at the same time beyond both the exterior and interiorfaces of said projections E when mounted within their respectivebearings h. and, are adapted to reciprocate within said bearings. Theouter ends of the said pins, across the side nearest the face of thebolt-cutter head-when said pins are in position-ere channeled, as shownat c in Fig. 8. Around the said band A is a die-ring I-I, provided witha number of elevated ways to. corresponding with the number of dies inthe head; said ways are of the scroll variety-and leadby the samecurvature-from their several starting points at the inner side of thedie-ring H to their respective terminals near the outer limit of thesaid edge. The said ways w are of a suitable gage and height to enablethem to become engaged within the said channeled ends 0 of the pins 0,when the die-ring H is in position about the cutter head.

The die-ring H is equipped with slots F and a set-screw K. to restrictthe rotary motion thereof about the band A to within the limits oftravel upon the ways wand, enable the said ring to be firmly set to theband A at any point Within the said limits desired. The said die-ring H.may be burred or otherwise finsaid dies. barrel B in such position thatsaid limiting ,groove or slot therein will register with the stop N,and, is secured by the screws 25. 5 cylinder A, is now appliedthereto-and firmly secured in such position by a countersunk at an angletherefrom upon a kind of arm' or shank with respect to the edgeextremities. The said arm, or shank, extremity of the dies is providedwith an eye M to fit the pivots P. Near the cutter end of the said diesDupon the lower surface thereof-is a hole, or recess o, to receive theprojecting ends of the wire-springs m, above described. The dies D areshown in the drawings as so proportioned and ranged about the head ofthe barrel B, as to bring their cutting edges in correct lead at thecenter. The form of the die D may be accurately derived from an ordinarysolid four cutter-die-shown in Fig. l0by dividing the same through theseveral dotted lines 011 said figure.

It is clear that many of the parts of the device I showas well as themodes of connecting the samemay be varied without departing from theessential elements of the particular device I claim. For instance, thepinand-eye-pivot, I employ, may readily be exchanged for some equivalentmethod of hinging the parts D to the head-andalso, the overhangingprojections E may be made separate and detachable parts from the bandAin which case (with the exception of the projecting portions E), thepart A might be constructed as integral with the case Cinstead of as adistinct and independent part as shown in the drawings.

In order to prepare my said device for use, the spring-wires m, arefirst introduced into the elongated slots in the barrel Bbefore 3described: the several dies D are next hooked upon their respectivepivots P (and in their proper leading order) with the projecting ends ofthe said wires m, resting within the said recesses t, in the undersurfaces of the The case 0 is now slipped over the The screw0r othermeans. The die-ring H is 3 next passed up around the said band A beneaththe reciprocating pins 0 (which are first introduced within theirseveral bearings I h) and so as to engage the ways w, with said pins 0,within and by means of the said chan- ;nels c therein.

In this latter position the said die-ring is securely fastened-againstlongitudinal disengagement with said pinsby the screw K. within acircumferential slot F for the purpose insaid die-ringandby furtherturning down the screw Kthe diering H. may be set against rotary change.It is evident that by thus setting the die-ring H, at any given pointwithin the limit of its possible rotary movement, the pins 0 by reasonof their engagement with the ways w will each be thereby withdrawnthrough the projections J-and, their inner ends firmly held at the samerelative distance from the center of the barrel B. On the other hand, ifit is desired at any time to alter this relative distance, it will onlybe necessary to loosen the set screw K-and rotate the diering until bysuch movement-the scroll-ways rv-have caused the pins 0 to reciprocateto the extent and degree desired-and a new adjustment of their innerends secured accordingly. Inasmuch as the dies D, have their operatingbearing against the said inner ends of the pins 0-they arethemselves-40y the above means regulated and adjusted to the diameter ofthe particular work to be treated. WVhen so adj ustedas abovedescribed-the butt B of my said bolt cutter head is secured within thelathe chuck whereupon, said device will meet and thread the blank boltsor other work-as in other similar devices. Should, however, it bedesired to arrest the operation at any stage-either before the entirethread is cut, or thereafterand, to back the tool offit will only benecessary to reverse the lever, or handle, R. There upon, the case G iscarried partially around the barrel Band oppositely thereto,and-inasmuch as the band A(with its projections E)is in fixed contactwith said case, the said projections E--by reason of the said oppositemotion of the lever R-will each slide clownwardly along the outer sideof the dies D, toward their pivoted ends-and the dies be instantly freedfrom cutting contact by the expansion of the wire springs in, and theconsequent opening of the dies from the work will ensue. The work cannow, of course, be immediately backed out of the die head, without thenecessity of following the threads, in the process-as is the case withfixed or solid die-cutters. When it is desred to again throw the cuttingedges upon the bolt-piece, the handle R is turned in the oppositedirection to that which released the work, whereupon, the projections Eare forced forward, along the exterior side of the dies, and the latter,by reason of their bearing against the fixed ends of the pins 0, withinsaid projections-will at once be thrown inwardly upon the work and atthe same relative distance as before.

Having thus described my said invention,

what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A bolt-threading head having the barrel thereof provided with diespivoted to its front, in combination with a circumscribing band, adaptedto be rotated upon said barrel,pl ungers connected with said band andbearlng against said dies, springs in engagement with said dies whichtend to throw them outwardly about their pivoted portions, means forreciprocating said plungers and for setting the same uniformly at anypoint desired within the range of their reciprocation, together withappliances for actuating said band, about said barrel, substantially asshown and described.

2. A bolt-threading head, having dies pivoted to the barrel thereof, incombination with a movable band, about said barrel, provided withprojections behind said dies, pins entering said projections and adaptedto reciprocate therethrough, a die-ring surrounding said band havingscrolled ways which severally engage with the outer ends of said pins,springs tending outwardly connected w th said dies, together with meansfor actuating said band around said barrel, substantially as shown anddescribed.

3. A bolt-threading head having the dies pivoted to the barrel thereof,in combination with a case movable axially upon said barrel, a bandadapted to be fixed, detachably, around said case, and containingprojections which severally overhang said dies, reciprocatingpins,provided with channels through their outer ends, which enter saidprojections and are, respectively, in bearing therein with said dies, adie-ring surrounding said band, and adapted to be partially rotatedthereabout, and to be set at any point within the limit of its saidrotation, scrolled ways upon said cliering, severally engaging with saidouter ends within said channels; springs connected with said dies underoutward tension-together with means for actuating said case axially uponthe surface of said barrel substantially as shown and described.

at. In a bolt threading head, the barrel B provided with the pivots P,in combination with the movable case 0, and the band A, having theprojections E, and the pins 0, together with the dies D, the springs m,and the sliding die-ring IIsubstantially as shown and described.

LAWRENCE S. GROSSMAN.

Witnesses:

CHAS. R. RENARD, GEORGE O. WING.

